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What is Title Case?

In title case capitalization, the first letter of each word in a title or heading is capitalised with the exception of certain small words such as "a," "an," "the," "in," "of," etc. The titles of books and articles, as well as newspaper and magazine headlines, frequently employ title case. The norm is not rigid, and deviations are seen in many publications and fields. Title case basically means to capitalize every word with the exception of articles (a, an, the), coordinating conjunctions (and, or, but,...), and (short) prepositions (in, on, for, up,...).

What is Sentence Case?

Only the initial word of a sentence, proper nouns, and a select few other words are capitalised when using the sentence case method of capitalization. The remaining words are written in lowercase. When title case is not utilised, this method of capitalization is most frequently employed in regular text, titles, headers, and subheadings. The majority of writing styles, including academic papers, business documents, and news stories, use sentence case as the default capitalization method.

What is Camel Case?

In Camel case (also known as "camel case notation" or "medial capitals" or "lower camel case") the first word is in lowercase and the first letter of subsequent words is capitalized. The term "camel case" comes from the fact that the capital letters resemble the humps of a camel. In computer programming languages, camel case is typically used to name variables, functions, and other identifiers. Camel case is also used in naming in some specific field. For example: 'iLoveYou!'

What is Pascal Case?

In Pascal case (also known as "upper camel case" or "proper case" or "studly caps") the first letter of each word is capitalized, similar to title case. The name "Pascal case" comes from the fact that this style of capitalization was first used in the programming language Pascal, but it is now used in other programming languages as well. This style of capitalization is often used in naming variables, functions and other identifiers in computer programming languages. For example: "SoManyCapitalizationMethods"

What is AP Style Title Case?

What to capitalize?

  • the first word and the last word of the title
  • the principal words
  • to in infinitives
  • all words of four letters or more
What to not capitalize?
  • articles,
  • conjunctions,
  • prepositions of three letters or fewer
The Associated Press. The Associated Press Stylebook. 56th ed. New York: Basic Books, 2022.